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※ George Berkeley (1685~1753, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Berkeley ) ; an Anglo-Irish philosopher, writer, and clergyman who is regarded as the founder of "immaterialism", a philosophical theory he developed which later came to be known as subjective idealism.
In 1709, Berkeley published his first major work An Essay Towards a New Theory of Vision, in which he discussed the limitations of human vision and advanced the theory that the proper objects of sight are not material objects, but light and colour.
Berkeley argued against Isaac Newton( https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/sir-isaac-newton-sayings-quotes.html )'s doctrine of absolute space, time and motion in De Motu (On Motion), first published in 1721.
His arguments were a notable precursor to those of Ernst Mach and Albert Einstein( https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/albert-einstein-sayings-quotes.html ).
☞ Chung Woon-gap profile
https://jc2588.tistory.com/pages/hello
What did people truly want to say to the world?
I want to convey the true heart of the person published here.
With this mindset, I hope to properly express George Berkeley's heart.
1. To be is to be perceived(Esse est percipi).
존재한다는 것은 인식(認識)되는 것이다.
2. It is impossible that a man who is false to his friends and neighbours should be true to the public.
친구와 이웃에게 거짓된 사람이 대중에게 진실하다는 것은 불가능하다.
3. A ray of imagination or of wisdom may enlighten the universe, and glow into remotest centuries.
상상력이나 지혜의 광선은 우주를 밝게 비출 수도 있고, 아주 먼 세기까지 빛날 수도 있다.
4. A being is indissoluble by the force of nature, that is to say, the soul of man is naturally immortal.
존재는 자연의 힘에 의해 분해되지 않는다.
즉, 인간의 영혼은 자연적으로 불멸이다.
5. Religion is the centre which unites, and the cement which connects the several parts of members of the political body.
종교는 정치 조직의 여러 구성원들을 하나로 묶는 중심이고, 그들을 연결하는 시멘트이다.
6. The same principles which at first view lead to skepticism, pursued to a certain point, bring men back to common sense.
처음에는 회의론으로 이어지는 동일한 원칙이 어느 정도 추구되면 사람들을 상식으로 되돌려 놓는다.
7. That neither our thoughts, nor passions, nor ideas formed by the imagination, exist without the mind, is what every body will allow.
우리의 생각이나 열정, 상상에 의해 형성된 관념은 마음 없이는 존재하지 않는다는 것은 모든 몸이 허용하는 것이다.
8. To be a good patriot, a man must consider his countrymen as God's creatures, and himself as accountable for his acting towards them.
훌륭한 애국자가 되려면, 자기 동포를 하나님의 피조물(被造物)로 여기고 동포들을 향하여 책임있는 행동을 해야 한다.
9. God is a being of transcendent and unlimited perfections: his nature therefore is incomprehensible to finite spirits.
하나님은 초월적이고 무한한 완전성을 지닌 존재이다.
따라서 하나님의 본성은 유한한 사람의 정신으로는 이해할 수 없다.
10. All the choir of heaven and furniture of earth - in a word, all those bodies which compose the frame of the world - have not any subsistence without a mind.
하늘의 모든 합창단과 땅의 모든 기구, 한마디로 세상의 틀을 구성하는 모든 몸은 마음 없이는 존재할 수 없다.
11. The most ingenious men are now agreed, that [universities] are only nurseries of prejudice, corruption, barbarism, and pedantry.
이제 가장 뛰어난 사람들은, [대학]은 편견, 부패, 야만, 현학(衒學)의 보육원일 뿐이라는 데 동의한다.
12. Of all men living, [priests] are our greatest enemies.
If it were possible, they would extinguish the very light of nature, turn the world into a dungeon, and keep mankind for ever in chains and darkness.
살아있는 모든 사람 중에서 [사제(司祭)]는 우리의 가장 큰 적이다.
가능하다면, 그들은 자연의 빛을 소멸시키고 세상을 지하 감옥으로 만들며, 인류를 영원히 사슬과 어둠 속에 가둘 것이다.
13. Casting an eye on the education of children, from whence I can make a judgment of my own, I observe they are instructed in religious matters before they can reason about them, and consequently that all such instruction is nothing else but filling the tender mind of a child with prejudices.
내가 아이들의 교육에 눈을 돌리면서, 아이들이 종교적인 문제에 대해 추론할 수 있기 전에 너무 일찍 종교 교육을 받고 있다는 것을 관찰했다.
결과적으로 그러한 모든 교육은, 아이들의 부드러운 마음을 편견으로 채우는 것에 지나지 않는다는 것을 터득했다.
🇬🇧 Locke, Berkeley, & Empiricism: Crash Course Philosophy
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5C-s4JrymKM
💎 Berkeley's Idealism Philosophy Tube
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hi6TbMEk_T4
※ Quotes & sayings from Thomas Aquinas & Post-Renaissance Philosophers(1100~1900년, 서양 중세 및 근대 철학자들의 명언)
-. Peter Abelard(피에르 아벨라르)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2024/11/descartes-of-12-century-peter-abelard.html
-. Thomas Aquinas(토마스 아퀴나스)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/st-thomas-aquinas-sayings-quotes.html
-. Rene Descartes(르네 데카르트)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/rene-descartes-sayings-quotes-wikipedia.html
-. Baruch Spinoza(바뤼흐 스피노자)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2023/10/baruch-spinoza-sayings-quotes-ethics.html
-. Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz(라이프니츠)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/gottfried-wilhelm-von-leibniz-sayings.html
-. Francis Bacon(프랜시스 베이컨)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/francis-bacon-sayings-quotes-wikipedia.html
-. Thomas Hobbes(토마스 홉스)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/thomas-hobbes-sayings-quotes-wikipedia.html
-. John Locke(존 로크)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/john-locke-sayings-quotes-wikipedia.html
-. David Hume(데이비드 흄)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2023/11/david-hume-sayings-quotes-sympathy-wiki.html
-. Blaise Pascal(블레즈 파스칼)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/blaise-pascal-sayings-quotes-wikipedia.html
-. Jean-Jacques Rousseau(장 자크 루소)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/jean-jacques-rousseau-sayings-quotes.html
-. Immanuel Kant(임마누엘 칸트)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2023/12/immanuel-kant-sayings-quotes.html
-. Arthur Schopenhauer(아르투어 쇼펜하우어)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/arthur-schopenhauer-sayings-quotes.html
-. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel(헤겔)
http://cw2588.blogspot.com/2023/01/georg-wilhelm-friedrich-hegel-sayings.html
-. Friedrich Nietzsche(프리드리히 니체)
https://cw2588.blogspot.com/2022/11/friedrich-nietzsche-sayings-quotes.html
